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0018-Adequate enough satisfactory sufficient

 0018-Adequate enough satisfactory sufficient

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These words mean equal to what is required or expected, but not exceeding it by much. Adequate means suitable to the case or occasion: an adequate supply of food for the hike. Like satisfactory, adequate may apply to quality as well as quantity: an adequate performance, but nothing to rave about; His knowledge of French was adequate for the job, although he was not fluent in the language. Satisfactory implies a standard to which something is being compared or against which it is being tested. [The child’s reading ability was satisfactory for his age level; The response to our call for financial contributions was wholly satisfactory, exceeding our goal by several thousand dollars.]

这组词汇都是用来表示描述的事物是满足需要的或者是符合期望的,但是并没有过量太多。Adequate(充足的)表示与实际情况或者场景相符,例如:an adequate supply of food for the hike(为远程徒步旅行准备的充足的食物).与satisfactory(满意的)类似,adequate可用来形容数量和质量,例如:an adequate performance, but nothing to rave about(足够的性能,但并没有超出期望); His knowledge of French was adequate for the job, although he was not fluent in the language(他的法语知识足够应付工作了,尽管他法语说的还不是很流利).Satisfactory暗示某物与某种标准对比或基于某种测试后是足够的。例如:[The child’s reading ability was satisfactory for his age level(相对于年龄来说,孩子们的阅读能力是足够符合要求的); The response to our call for financial contributions was wholly satisfactory, exceeding our goal by several thousand dollars(我们发起的募捐获得令人满意的响应,超过了我们的目标数千元).]

Enough is in some contexts interchangeable with adequate, but is used only to indicate amount or degree, not quality. Moreover, unlike adequate, enough is not used after an article and before a noun in this sense. One can say an adequate fuel but not an enough fuel. (Note that adequate fuel can mean either enough fuel or fuel of acceptably high quality, whereas an adequate fuel can refer only to quality.) Enough modifies either plural nouns or nouns denoting something that is measurable or of which there can be a quantity: enough salesmen; enough time; enough air ?but not: enough supply; enough house.

在某些上下文环境中Enough可以和adequate互换,但是Enough仅用来表示数量或程度方面是足够的,并不形容质量。并且,在这种情况下(译注:指Enough可以和adequate互换时),与adequate不同,Enough不能用在冠词后面也不能用在不可数名词前面。你可以说adequate fuel但是不能说
enough fuel(注意,adequate fuel既可以表示然料是足够的,也可以表示燃料具有令人满意的高品质,但是an adequate fuel(译注:前面有冠词an)仅用于表示品质上足够优质)。Enough修饰可数名词的复数或者可度量的以及可量化的事物,例如:enough salesmen(充足的销售人员); enough time(足够的时间); enough air(足够的空气) -但是不能用来表示: enough supply(充足的供应); enough house(充足的房屋)(译注:supply 和house 都不是可数名次的复数,也不是可度量或量化的).

Sufficient implies a quantity or number adequate for a particular need or to fulfil a particular purpose: Our military response to the aggressive act was limited but sufficient to show our determination. Unlike satisfactory, it does not imply measuring up to a standard. It emphasizes instead the end being sought; the degree to which something contributes to the achievement of that end is what makes it sufficient or insufficient.

Sufficient暗示对于一种特殊的需求或者特定的目的而言,数量上是足够的,例如:Our military response to the aggressive act was limited but sufficient to show our determination(我方对于挑衅的军事反应有所克制但是足以表达我方的决心).与satisfactory不同,Sufficient并不会按时基于某种标准的度量。Sufficient并不是强调最终的结果是否足够,而是为了达成目标所作的贡献的程度是否足够。

SEE: PLENTIFUL.
ANTONYMS: DEFICIENT, inadequate, insufficient, unqualified, unsuitable.
参见: PLENTIFUL.
反义词: DEFICIENT, inadequate, insufficient, unqualified, unsuitable.
   
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该日志由 边城网事 于2015年02月13日发表在 同义词辨析 - 每日一组 分类下, 你可以发表评论,并在保留原文地址及作者的情况下引用到你的网站或博客。
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