Accumulate /amass/collect/gather/hoard

版权声明

Accumulate and amass both mean to pile up by successive addition. To accumulate is to heap or pile up or bring together by degrees or by regular additions; to amass is to bring together a great quantity and usually suggests great value. A housewife may accumulate gift tokens; a speculator may try to amass great wealth; an army may amass armaments for a final push.

Accumulate(累积)和amass(积聚)都表示一种连续不断的积累. Accumulate表示堆积或者积累,或者有固定增量的或者定期的累积,amass表示的涉及的量比较大的聚集,通常表示将大量的分散的东西聚集到一块(译注:这些单个的分散的东西的量也很大).例如:A housewife may accumulate gift tokens(家庭主妇可能会收集礼品券); a speculator may try to amass great wealth(投机份子可能会想法设法积聚大量财富); an army may amass armaments for a final push(一个军队可能会集结海量军事力量做最后决战).

Collect and gather are interchangeable in the sense of bringing together into one place or into a group. Collect suggests discriminating selection in a way that gather does not: to collect stamps as a hobby but with the idea of reselling them later at a profit; to gather a large bunch of wildflowers along a country road. 

当Collect和gather表示将一些物体收集到一起以便放置到一个地方或者归结到一个集合里时,是可以互换的.另外,使用Collect收集的物体是相互能区别的,而gather没有此意.例如:to collect stamps as a hobby but with the idea of reselling them later at a profit(集邮是一种习惯,同时也是为了日后将收集的邮票再次出售以获取利润(译注:一般收集的邮票基本不会重复,相互之间也好区分)); to gather a large bunch of wildflowers along a country road(在一条乡间路上收集了一大串野花(译注:一大串野花,至今不容易区分,也有一种花重复有好几束的)). 

Hoard means to gather and store for the sake of accumulation. It always connotes a selfish desire to keep permanently or for future use and suggests secrecy in the process. [A miser hoards his money; In wartime, individuals may hoard scarce items.]

Hoard表示为了聚集而进行的收集或储存.通常暗含着基于一种自私的欲望而进行的永久性的占有,或者为了未来使用而进行的贮藏,通常表示的是偷偷摸摸的进行收集.例如:[A miser hoards his money(守财奴死守着他的钱财(译注:表示偏向贮存他的钱财的意思)); In wartime, individuals may hoard scarce items(战争时期,人们往往会暗暗收集稀缺物资).]